The files jacorb.jar and idl.jar in this directory are a patched version of 
JacORB 2.2.4. The patched libraries identify themselves as 

        JacORB V 2.2.4 (JBoss patch 2), www.jacorb.org

Instructions for generating these files are included below.

Kudos to the JacORB team, for this great open-source ORB.

Special thanks to:

        Gerald Brose, for creating JacORB

        Andre Spiegel, for his work on OBV in JacORB

Francisco

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 *** How to generate the jacorb.jar and idl.jar files in this directory ***

(1) Obtain a JacORB 2.2.4+ source tree, with the following commands:

cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@www.jacorb.org/cvsroot/jacorb checkout -r Root_RELEASE_2_2_5_BRANCH JacORB

cd JacORB

cvs update -r1.1 src/org/jacorb/util/Stack.java

(2) Apply the patchfile below:

Index: src/org/jacorb/orb/CDRInputStream.java
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/jacorb/JacORB/src/org/jacorb/orb/CDRInputStream.java,v
retrieving revision 1.97
diff -u -r1.97 CDRInputStream.java
--- src/org/jacorb/orb/CDRInputStream.java	31 May 2006 13:08:14 -0000	1.97
+++ src/org/jacorb/orb/CDRInputStream.java	5 May 2007 00:36:08 -0000
@@ -21,12 +21,17 @@
  */
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.util.*;
 
 import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.*;
 import org.apache.avalon.framework.logger.*;
 
 import org.jacorb.orb.giop.CodeSet;
+import org.jacorb.orb.giop.GIOPConnection;
+import org.jacorb.util.ObjectUtil;
+import org.jacorb.util.Stack;
 import org.jacorb.util.ValueHandler;
 
 import org.omg.CORBA.BAD_PARAM;
@@ -45,7 +50,7 @@
  * Read CDR encoded data
  *
  * @author Gerald Brose, FU Berlin
- * $Id: CDRInputStream.java,v 1.97 2006/05/31 13:08:14 alphonse.bendt Exp $
+ * $Id: CDRInputStream.java,v 1.115 2007/04/27 19:14:06 francisco Exp $
  */
 
 public class CDRInputStream
@@ -53,25 +58,23 @@
 {
     /**
      * <code>encaps_stack</code> is used to saving/restoring
-     * encapsulation information. Do NOT access this variable directly.
-     * It is initialized on demand. Use the method {@link #getEncapsStack()}
+     * encapsulation information.
      */
     private Stack encaps_stack;
 
+
     /**
-     * <code>recursiveTCMap</code> is used to to remember the original
-     * TCs for a given ID that is used in a recursive/repeated TC. Do
-     * NOT access this variable directly. It is initialized on demand.
-     * Use the method {@link #getRecursiveTCMap()}
+     * This Map is basically a one-entry map pool to be used in
+     * read_TypeCode() as the repeatedTCMap.
      */
-    private Map recursiveTCMap;
+    private Map repeatedTCMap;
 
     /**
      * <code>cachedTypecodes</code> stores a mapping of ID/Typecode to
      * speed reading from the stream. Do NOT access this variable directly. It
      * is initialized on demand. Use the methods
-     * {@link #getCachedTypecode(String id)} and
-     * {@link #putCachedTypecode(String id, org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode result)}
+     * {@link #getCachedTypecode(Object id)} and
+     * {@link #putCachedTypecode(Object id, Pair result)}
      * Skip amount is
      * skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
      * EncapsulationSize -
@@ -145,24 +148,40 @@
     /** Ending position of the current chunk */
     private int chunk_end_pos = -1;   // -1 means we're not within a chunk
 
+    /**
+     * <code>codesetEnabled</code> denotes whether codeset marshalling is enabled.
+     */
+    private boolean codesetEnabled;
 
     /**
      * for this stream to be able to return a live object reference, a
      * full ORB (not the Singleton!) must be known. If this stream is
      * used only to demarshal base type data, the Singleton is enough
      */
-    private org.omg.CORBA.ORB orb = null;
+    private final org.omg.CORBA.ORB orb;
 
     /**
      * this is the lowest possible value_tag indicating the
      * begin of a valuetype (15.3.4)
      */
-    private static final int max_block_size = 0x7fffff00;
+    private static final int MAX_BLOCK_SIZE = 0x7fffff00;
 
+    /**
+     * fixes RMI/IIOP related interoperability issues with the
+     * sun the orb that occured
+     * while receiving serialized collections.
+     * see mailing list for details:
+     * {@link http://lists.spline.inf.fu-berlin.de/mailman/htdig/jacorb-developer/2006-May/008251.html}
+     */
     private boolean sunInteropFix;
 
+
+    private Map tcMap;
+
     public CDRInputStream(final org.omg.CORBA.ORB orb, final byte[] buf)
     {
+        super();
+
         buffer = buf;
         // orb may be null!
         if (orb != null)
@@ -183,7 +202,9 @@
             }
         }
         else
+        {
             this.orb = org.omg.CORBA.ORB.init();
+        }
     }
 
     public CDRInputStream(final org.omg.CORBA.ORB orb,
@@ -194,6 +215,10 @@
         this.littleEndian = littleEndian;
     }
 
+    public CDRInputStream(byte[] buffer, boolean littleEndian)
+    {
+        this(null, buffer, littleEndian);
+    }
 
     /**
      * This stream is self-configuring, i.e. configure() is private
@@ -203,9 +228,12 @@
     private void configure(Configuration configuration)
         throws ConfigurationException
     {
+        final org.jacorb.config.Configuration jacorbConfig = (org.jacorb.config.Configuration)configuration;
         logger =
-            ((org.jacorb.config.Configuration)configuration).getNamedLogger("jacorb.orb.cdr");
+            jacorbConfig.getNamedLogger("jacorb.orb.cdr");
 
+        codesetEnabled  =
+            configuration.getAttribute("jacorb.codeset","on").equals("on");
         cometInteropFix =
             configuration.getAttribute("jacorb.interop.comet","off").equals("on");
         laxBooleanEncoding =
@@ -217,39 +245,6 @@
     }
 
 
-
-
-    /**
-     * <code>getEncapsStack</code> is used to initialize encaps_stack
-     * on demand.
-     *
-     * @return a <code>Stack</code> value
-     */
-    private Stack getEncapsStack()
-    {
-        if (encaps_stack == null)
-        {
-            encaps_stack = new Stack();
-        }
-        return encaps_stack;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the Map that keeps track of recursive TypeCodes.
-     *
-     * @return a <code>Map</code> value
-     */
-    private Map getRecursiveTCMap()
-    {
-        if (recursiveTCMap == null)
-        {
-            recursiveTCMap = new HashMap();
-        }
-        return recursiveTCMap;
-    }
-
-
     /**
      * Gets the Map that is used to demarshal shared valuetype instances.
      *
@@ -302,24 +297,30 @@
      * <code>getCachedTypecode</code> to retrieve a value from cachedTypecodes.
      * It may initialize the value on demand.
      *
-     * @param id a <code>String</code> value
+     * @param id a <code>Object</code> value, can be String (id) or actual TypeCode
+     * for sequence/array tcs
      * @return a <code>org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode</code> value, possibly null.
      */
-    private org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode getCachedTypecode( String id )
+    private Pair getCachedTypecode( Object id )
     {
-        org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode result = null;
+        final Pair result;
 
         if ( cacheTypecodes )
         {
             if ( cachedTypecodes == null )
             {
                 cachedTypecodes = new HashMap();
+                result = null;
             }
             else
             {
-                result = ( org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode )cachedTypecodes.get( id );
+                result = ( Pair )cachedTypecodes.get( id );
             }
         }
+        else
+        {
+            result = null;
+        }
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -328,10 +329,10 @@
      * <code>putCachedTypecode</code> is used to store typecodes within the
      * cachedTypecodes. It will only do it cacheTypecodes is on.
      *
-     * @param id a <code>String</code> value
-     * @param result an <code>org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode</code> value
+     * @param id a <code>String</code> or <code>TypeCode</code> value
+     * @param result an Pair value
      */
-    private void putCachedTypecode( String id, org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode result)
+    private void putCachedTypecode( Object id, Pair result)
     {
         if ( cacheTypecodes )
         {
@@ -353,24 +354,31 @@
     }
 
     public void close()
-        throws IOException
     {
         // Don't need to call super.close as super is noop.
+
         if( closed )
         {
             return;
         }
 
-        BufferManager.getInstance().returnBuffer(buffer);
+        // commented out as this caused test failures.
+        // as the buffer has been passed into this CDRInputStream
+        // we cannot assume ownership of the buffer here (alphonse).
+        // BufferManager.getInstance().returnBuffer(buffer);
 
+        buffer = null;
         encaps_stack = null;
-        recursiveTCMap = null;
         closed = true;
+
+        if (tcMap != null)
+        {
+            tcMap.clear();
+        }
     }
 
     public org.omg.CORBA.ORB orb()
     {
-        if (orb == null) orb = org.omg.CORBA.ORB.init(new String[]{}, null);
         return orb;
     }
 
@@ -384,26 +392,28 @@
        (final boolean _littleEndian, final byte[] _buffer, final int _pos)
     {
         if (_littleEndian)
+        {
             return (((_buffer[_pos+3] & 0xff) << 24) +
                     ((_buffer[_pos+2] & 0xff) << 16) +
                     ((_buffer[_pos+1] & 0xff) <<  8) +
                     ((_buffer[_pos]   & 0xff) <<  0));
-        else
-            return (((_buffer[_pos]   & 0xff) << 24) +
-                    ((_buffer[_pos+1] & 0xff) << 16) +
-                    ((_buffer[_pos+2] & 0xff) <<  8) +
-                    ((_buffer[_pos+3] & 0xff) <<  0));
+        }
+        return (((_buffer[_pos]   & 0xff) << 24) +
+                ((_buffer[_pos+1] & 0xff) << 16) +
+                ((_buffer[_pos+2] & 0xff) <<  8) +
+                ((_buffer[_pos+3] & 0xff) <<  0));
     }
 
     private static final short _read2int
        (final boolean _littleEndian, final byte[] _buffer, final int _pos)
     {
         if (_littleEndian)
+        {
             return  (short)(((_buffer[_pos+1] & 0xff) << 8) +
                             ((_buffer[_pos]   & 0xff) << 0));
-        else
-            return (short)(((_buffer[_pos ]    & 0xff) << 8) +
-                           ((_buffer[_pos + 1] & 0xff) << 0));
+        }
+        return (short)(((_buffer[_pos ]    & 0xff) << 8) +
+                ((_buffer[_pos + 1] & 0xff) << 0));
     }
 
     private final int _read_long()
@@ -421,12 +431,10 @@
     {
         if (littleEndian)
         {
-            return ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) + ((long) _read_long() << 32);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            return ((long) _read_long() << 32) + ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
+            return (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) + ((long) _read_long() << 32);
         }
+
+        return ((long) _read_long() << 32) + (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
     }
 
     private final void handle_chunking()
@@ -445,7 +453,7 @@
 
                 // tag is an end tag
 
-                if ( ! (-tag <= valueNestingLevel))
+                if (-tag > valueNestingLevel)
                 {
                     throw new INTERNAL
                     (
@@ -454,7 +462,7 @@
                         valueNestingLevel
                     );
                 }
-                valueNestingLevel = - tag;
+                valueNestingLevel = -tag;
                 valueNestingLevel--;
 
                 if (valueNestingLevel > 0)
@@ -463,17 +471,17 @@
                     handle_chunking();
                 }
             }
-            else if (tag < 0x7fffff00)
+            else if (tag > 0 && tag < 0x7fffff00)
             {
                 // tag is the chunk size tag of another chunk
 
                 chunk_end_pos = pos + tag;
             }
-            else // (tag >= 0x7fffff00)
+            else // (tag == 0 || tag >= 0x7fffff00)
             {
-                // tag is the value tag of a nested value
+                // tag is the null value tag or the value tag of a nested value
 
-                pos = saved_pos;      // "unread" the value tag
+                pos = saved_pos;      // "unread" the tag
                 index = saved_index;
             }
         }
@@ -503,7 +511,9 @@
         int start = ei.start;
 
         if( pos < start + size )
+        {
             pos = start + size;
+        }
 
         index = ei.index + size;
     }
@@ -565,7 +575,7 @@
 
 
     /*
-     * Return a copy of the current buffer. Currently only used by ProxyImpl.
+     * Return a copy of the current buffer.
      *
      * @return a <code>byte[]</code> value.
      */
@@ -596,10 +606,14 @@
         throws java.io.IOException
     {
         if( closed )
+        {
             throw new java.io.IOException("Stream already closed!");
+        }
 
         if( available() < 1 )
+        {
             return -1;
+        }
 
         ++index;
         return buffer[pos++]; // read_index++];
@@ -616,7 +630,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Has the effect of read(b, 0, b.length);
-     * @see #read
+     * @see #read(byte[], int, int)
      */
     public int read(final byte[] b)
         throws java.io.IOException
@@ -678,33 +692,27 @@
     {
         handle_chunking();
         index++;
-        byte bb = buffer[pos++];
+        byte value = buffer[pos++];
 
-        if (bb == 0)
+        if (value == 0)
         {
             return false;
         }
-        else
+
+        if (value == 1)
         {
-            if (bb == 1)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                if (laxBooleanEncoding)
-                {
-                    // Technically only valid values are 0 (false) and 1 (true)
-                    // however some ORBs send values other than 1 for true.
-                    return true;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    throw new MARSHAL("Unexpected boolean value: " + bb
-                                      + " pos: " + pos + " index: " + index);
-                }
-            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (laxBooleanEncoding)
+        {
+            // Technically only valid values are 0 (false) and 1 (true)
+            // however some ORBs send values other than 1 for true.
+            return true;
         }
+
+        throw new MARSHAL("Unexpected boolean value: " + value
+                + " pos: " + pos + " index: " + index);
     }
 
     /** arrays */
@@ -734,17 +742,43 @@
         }
     }
 
+
+    /**
+     * <code>read_char</code> reads a character from the stream.
+     *
+     * @return a <code>char</code> value
+     */
     public final char read_char()
     {
         handle_chunking();
+
         index++;
-        return (char)(0xff & buffer[pos++]);
+        return (char)(buffer[pos++] & 0xFF);
     }
 
+
+    /**
+     * <code>read_char_array</code> reads an character array from the stream.
+     *
+     * @param value a <code>char[]</code>, the result array.
+     * @param offset an <code>int</code>, an offset into <code>value</code>
+     * @param length an <code>int</code>, the length of the array to read
+     */
     public final void read_char_array
-       (final char[] value, final int offset, final int length)
+        (final char[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
+        if (value == null)
+        {
+            throw new MARSHAL("Cannot marshall result into null array.");
+        }
+        else if ( offset + length > value.length || length < 0 || offset < 0 )
+        {
+            throw new MARSHAL
+                ("Cannot marshall as indices for array are out bounds.");
+        }
+
         handle_chunking();
+
         for (int j = offset; j < offset + length; j++)
         {
             index++;
@@ -761,7 +795,9 @@
        (final double[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -778,12 +814,32 @@
         }
     }
 
-    public final java.math.BigDecimal read_fixed()
+    public final BigDecimal read_fixed()
     {
         handle_chunking();
 
-        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        final StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+
+        final int c = read_fixed_internal(sb);
+
+        final java.math.BigDecimal result =
+            new java.math.BigDecimal( new java.math.BigInteger( sb.toString()));
+
+        return read_fixed_negate(c, result);
+    }
+
+    private BigDecimal read_fixed_negate(final int c, final java.math.BigDecimal result)
+    {
+        if( c == 0xD )
+        {
+            return result.negate();
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
 
+    private int read_fixed_internal(StringBuffer sb)
+    {
         int b = buffer[pos++];
         int c = b & 0x0F; // second half byte
         index++;
@@ -791,23 +847,33 @@
         while(true)
         {
             c = (b & 0xF0) >>> 4;
-            sb.append(c );
+            sb.append(c);
+
             c = b & 0x0F;
             if( c == 0xC || c == 0xD )
+            {
                 break;
+            }
             sb.append(c );
+
             b = buffer[pos++];
             index++;
         }
+        return c;
+    }
+
+    public final java.math.BigDecimal read_fixed(short digits, short scale)
+    {
+        handle_chunking();
 
-        java.math.BigDecimal result =
-        new java.math.BigDecimal( new java.math.BigInteger( sb.toString()));
+        final StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
 
-        if( c == 0xD )
-            return result.negate();
-        else
-            return result;
+        final int c = read_fixed_internal(sb);
+
+        final java.math.BigDecimal result =
+            new java.math.BigDecimal( new java.math.BigInteger( sb.toString()), scale);
 
+        return read_fixed_negate(c, result);
     }
 
     public final float read_float()
@@ -819,7 +885,9 @@
        (final float[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -860,7 +928,9 @@
        (final int[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -894,19 +964,19 @@
 
         if (littleEndian)
         {
-            return ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) + ((long) _read_long() << 32);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            return ((long) _read_long() << 32) + ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
+            return (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) + ((long) _read_long() << 32);
         }
+
+        return ((long) _read_long() << 32) + (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
     }
 
     public final void read_longlong_array
         (final long[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -921,7 +991,7 @@
         {
             for(int j=offset; j < offset+length; j++)
             {
-                value[j] = ( (long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) +
+                value[j] = ( _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) +
                     ((long) _read_long() << 32);
             }
         }
@@ -930,7 +1000,7 @@
             for(int j=offset; j < offset+length; j++)
             {
                 value[j] = ((long) _read_long() << 32) +
-                    ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
+                    (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
             }
         }
 
@@ -955,15 +1025,13 @@
         {
             return null;
         }
-        else
-        {
-            return ((org.jacorb.orb.ORB)orb)._getObject( pior );
-        }
+
+        return ((org.jacorb.orb.ORB)orb)._getObject( pior );
     }
 
-    public org.omg.CORBA.Object read_Object(final java.lang.Class clz)
+    public org.omg.CORBA.Object read_Object(final java.lang.Class clazz)
     {
-        if (org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl.class.isAssignableFrom(clz))
+        if (org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz))
         {
             org.omg.CORBA.Object obj = read_Object();
             if (obj instanceof org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl)
@@ -971,7 +1039,7 @@
                 org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl stub = null;
                 try
                 {
-                    stub = (org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl)clz.newInstance();
+                    stub = (org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl)clazz.newInstance();
                 }
                 catch (InstantiationException e)
                 {
@@ -985,17 +1053,14 @@
                      ((org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl)obj)._get_delegate());
                 return stub;
             }
-            else
-            {
-                return obj;
-            }
+            return obj;
         }
-        else if (clz.isInterface() &&
-                 java.rmi.Remote.class.isAssignableFrom(clz))
+        else if (clazz.isInterface() &&
+                 java.rmi.Remote.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz))
         {
             return (org.omg.CORBA.Object)
                 org.jacorb.util.ValueHandler.portableRemoteObject_narrow(
-                                                           read_Object(), clz);
+                                                           read_Object(), clazz);
         }
         else
         {
@@ -1054,7 +1119,9 @@
         (final short[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -1075,6 +1142,14 @@
         index += length * 2;
     }
 
+
+    /**
+     * <code>read_string</code> reads a string from the buffer. It is optimized
+     * for whether it is reading a blank string, and whether codeset translation
+     * is active.
+     *
+     * @return a <code>String</code> value, possibly blank, never null.
+     */
     public final String read_string()
     {
         String result = null;
@@ -1094,13 +1169,18 @@
 
         index += (size + 4);
         pos += (size + 4);
-        String csname = CodeSet.csName(codeSet);
+
 
         if ((size > 0) &&
             (buffer[ start + size - 1 ] == 0))
         {
             size --;
         }
+        // Optimize for empty strings.
+        if (size == 0)
+        {
+            return "";
+        }
 
         if(start + size > buffer.length)
         {
@@ -1111,40 +1191,79 @@
             throw new MARSHAL ("Invalid size for string extraction");
         }
 
-        try {
-          result = new String (buffer, start, size, csname);
+        if (codesetEnabled)
+        {
+            String csname = CodeSet.csName(codeSet);
+
+            try
+            {
+                result = new String (buffer, start, size, csname);
+            }
+            catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException ex)
+            {
+                if (logger != null && logger.isErrorEnabled())
+                {
+                    logger.error("Charset " + csname + " is unsupported");
+                    result = "";
+                }
+            }
         }
-        catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
-            if (logger != null && logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
-                logger.error("Charset " + csname + " is unsupported");
-                result = "";
+        else
+        {
+            char[] buf = new char[size];
+
+            for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
+            {
+                buf[i] = (char)(0xff & buffer[start + i]);
             }
+            result = new String(buf);
         }
+
         return result;
     }
 
 
     public final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode read_TypeCode()
     {
-        Map tcMap = new HashMap();
-        org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode result = read_TypeCode( tcMap );
+        if (tcMap == null)
+        {
+            // Initialise tcMap. We keep it for the lifetime of this
+            // stream so it is possible to examine any found recursive
+            // typecodes.
+            tcMap = new TreeMap();
+        }
 
-        return result;
+        if (repeatedTCMap == null)
+        {
+            repeatedTCMap = new HashMap();
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            return read_TypeCode( tcMap, repeatedTCMap );
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            repeatedTCMap.clear();
+        }
     }
 
-    private final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode read_TypeCode(final Map tcMap )
+    private final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode read_TypeCode(final Map recursiveTCMap,
+                                                       final Map repeatedTCMap )
     {
-        String  id           = null;
-        String  name         = null;
-        int     member_count = 0;
-        int     length       = 0;
-        int     size         = 0;
-        org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode result = null;
-        org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode content_type = null;
-        String[] member_names = null;
+        final String id;
+        final String name;
+        final Pair cachedObject;
+        final int member_count;
+        final int length;
+        final int size;
+        final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode result;
+        final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode content_type;
+        final String[] member_names;
 
-        int kind = read_long();
-        int start_pos = pos - 4;
+        final int kind = read_long();
+        final int start_pos = pos - 4;
+        final Integer startPosition = ObjectUtil.newInteger( start_pos );
 
         if (logger != null && logger.isDebugEnabled())
         {
@@ -1153,175 +1272,147 @@
 
         switch( kind )
         {
-            case TCKind._tk_null:
-            case TCKind._tk_void:
-            case TCKind._tk_short:
-            case TCKind._tk_long:
-            case TCKind._tk_ushort:
-            case TCKind._tk_ulong:
-            case TCKind._tk_float:
-            case TCKind._tk_double:
-            case TCKind._tk_boolean:
-            case TCKind._tk_char:
-            case TCKind._tk_octet:
-            case TCKind._tk_any:
-            case TCKind._tk_TypeCode:
-            case TCKind._tk_longlong:
-            case TCKind._tk_ulonglong:
-            case TCKind._tk_wchar:
-            case TCKind._tk_Principal:
+            case -1:                     //0xffffffff:
             {
-                result = orb.get_primitive_tc
-                    (org.omg.CORBA.TCKind.from_int (kind));
-                break;
-            }
-            case TCKind._tk_objref:
-            {
-                size = openEncapsulation();
-                id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                // recursive or repeated TC
+                int negative_offset = read_long();
+
+                final Integer origTCStartPos = ObjectUtil.newInteger(pos - 4 + negative_offset);
 
-                if (result != null)
+                // need to check for repeated typecode first since a recursive
+                // typecode may also be repeated (i.e. both maps have an entry
+                // for the given origTCStartPos), but if we find an entry in
+                // the repeatedTCMap, we know the typecode must have
+                // completely been read already, so the marker can't indicate
+                // a recursive typecode
+                final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode repeatedTC =
+                    (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode)repeatedTCMap.get(origTCStartPos);
+
+                if (repeatedTC != null)
                 {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
+                    result = repeatedTC;
+                    break;
                 }
-                else
+
+                final String recursiveId = (String) recursiveTCMap.get(origTCStartPos);
+                if (recursiveId != null)
                 {
-                    name = validateName (read_string());
-                    result = orb.create_interface_tc (id, name);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    try
+                    {
+                        result = orb.create_recursive_tc(recursiveId);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    catch(org.omg.CORBA.SystemException e)
+                    {
+                        throw new MARSHAL(
+                            "Failed to create recursive typecode: " +
+                            e);
+                    }
                 }
-                closeEncapsulation();
+
+                //if we end up here, we didn't find an entry in either
+                //repeatedTCMap and recursiveTCMap
+                throw new MARSHAL(
+                    "Found indirection marker, but no corresponding "+
+                    "original typecode (pos: " + origTCStartPos + ")" );
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_null:           // 0
+            case TCKind._tk_void:           // 1
+            case TCKind._tk_short:          // 2
+            case TCKind._tk_long:           // 3
+            case TCKind._tk_ushort:         // 4
+            case TCKind._tk_ulong:          // 5
+            case TCKind._tk_float:          // 6
+            case TCKind._tk_double:         // 7
+            case TCKind._tk_boolean:        // 8
+            case TCKind._tk_char:           // 9
+            case TCKind._tk_octet:          // 10
+            case TCKind._tk_any:            // 11
+            case TCKind._tk_TypeCode:       // 12
+            case TCKind._tk_Principal:      // 13
+            {
+                result = orb.get_primitive_tc(org.omg.CORBA.TCKind.from_int (kind));
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_struct:
+            case TCKind._tk_objref:         // 14
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    name = validateName (read_string ());
+                    result = orb.create_interface_tc (id, name);
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    name = validateName (read_string());
-                    member_count = read_long();
-
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-
-                    StructMember[] struct_members = new StructMember[member_count];
-                    for( int i = 0; i < member_count; i++)
-                    {
-                        struct_members[i] = new StructMember
-                        (
-                            read_string(),
-                            read_TypeCode (tcMap),
-                            null
-                        );
-                    }
-                    result = ((ORBSingleton) orb).create_struct_tc(id, name, struct_members, false);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    skip(skipAmount);
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put (id, result);
+
                 closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_except:
+            case TCKind._tk_struct:         // 15
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
-                {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-                }
-                else
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
                     name = validateName (read_string());
                     member_count = read_long();
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    StructMember[] struct_members = new StructMember[member_count];
 
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-
-                    StructMember[] members = new StructMember[member_count];
                     for( int i = 0; i < member_count; i++)
                     {
-                        members[i] = new StructMember
+                        struct_members[i] = new StructMember
                         (
                             read_string(),
-                            read_TypeCode(tcMap),
+                            read_TypeCode (recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap),
                             null
                         );
                     }
-                    result = ((ORBSingleton)orb).create_exception_tc (id, name, members, false);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
-                }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put (id, result);
-                closeEncapsulation();
-                break;
-            }
-            case TCKind._tk_enum:
-            {
-                size = openEncapsulation();
-                id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
-                {
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    result = ((ORBSingleton) orb).create_struct_tc(id, name, struct_members, false);
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    name = validateName (read_string());
-                    member_count = read_long();
-
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-
-                    member_names = new String[member_count];
-                    for( int i = 0; i < member_count; i++)
-                    {
-                        member_names[i] = read_string();
-                    }
-                    result = ((ORBSingleton)orb).create_enum_tc (id, name, member_names, false);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    final int skipAmount =  calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap( recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position );
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put (id, result);
+
                 closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_union:
+            case TCKind._tk_union:          // 16
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
-                {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-                }
-                else
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
                     name = validateName (read_string());
 
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    recursiveTCMap.put(startPosition, id );
 
-                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode discriminator_type = read_TypeCode(tcMap);
+                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode discriminator_type = read_TypeCode(recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap);
                     // Use the dealiased discriminator type for the label types.
                     // This works because the JacORB IDL compiler ignores any aliasing
                     // of label types and only the discriminator type is passed on the
                     // wire.
                     org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode orig_disc_type =
-                    TypeCode.originalType(discriminator_type);
+                        TypeCode.originalType(discriminator_type);
 
                     int default_index = read_long();
                     member_count = read_long();
@@ -1346,101 +1437,216 @@
                         (
                             read_string(),
                             label,
-                            read_TypeCode(tcMap),
+                            read_TypeCode(recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap),
                             null
                         );
                     }
 
                     result = ((ORBSingleton)orb).create_union_tc(id, name, discriminator_type, union_members, false);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap(recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position );
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put (id, result);
+
                 closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_string:
-            {
-                result = orb.create_string_tc(read_long());
-                break;
-            }
-            case TCKind._tk_wstring:
+            case TCKind._tk_enum:           // 17
             {
-                result = orb.create_wstring_tc(read_long());
-                break;
-            }
-            case TCKind._tk_fixed:
+                size = openEncapsulation();
+                id = validateID (read_string());
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
+
+                if (cachedObject == null)
+                {
+                    name = validateName (read_string());
+                    member_count = read_long();
+                    member_names = new String[member_count];
+
+                    for( int i = 0; i < member_count; i++)
+                    {
+                        member_names[i] = read_string();
+                    }
+
+                    result = ((ORBSingleton)orb).create_enum_tc (id, name, member_names, false);
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
+                }
+                closeEncapsulation();
+                break;
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_string:         // 18
             {
-                result = orb.create_fixed_tc(read_ushort(), read_short() );
+                result = orb.create_string_tc(read_long());
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_array:
+            case TCKind._tk_sequence:       // 19
             {
-                openEncapsulation();
+                size = openEncapsulation();
+                content_type = read_TypeCode(recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap);
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode(content_type);
 
-                content_type = read_TypeCode(tcMap);
-                length = read_long();
+                if (cachedObject == null)
+                {
+                    length = read_long();
+                    result = orb.create_sequence_tc(length, content_type);
+                    putCachedTypecode(result, new Pair(result, startPosition));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
+                }
 
                 closeEncapsulation();
-                result = orb.create_array_tc(length, content_type);
+
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_sequence:
+            case TCKind._tk_array:          // 20
             {
-                openEncapsulation();
+                size = openEncapsulation();
+                content_type = read_TypeCode(recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap);
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode(content_type);
 
-                content_type = read_TypeCode(tcMap);
-                length = read_long();
+                if (cachedObject == null)
+                {
+                    result = orb.create_array_tc(read_long(), content_type );
+
+                    // Store in cache
+                    putCachedTypecode (result, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
+                }
 
                 closeEncapsulation();
 
-                result = orb.create_sequence_tc(length, content_type);
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_alias:
+            case TCKind._tk_alias:          // 21
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
-                {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-                }
-                else
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
                     name = validateName (read_string());
 
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    recursiveTCMap.put(startPosition, id );
 
-                    content_type = read_TypeCode( tcMap );
+                    content_type = read_TypeCode( recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap);
                     result = orb.create_alias_tc (id, name, content_type );
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap(recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position );
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put (id , result);
                 closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_value:
+            case TCKind._tk_except:         // 22
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    name = validateName (read_string());
+                    member_count = read_long();
+
+                    recursiveTCMap.put(startPosition, id );
+
+                    StructMember[] members = new StructMember[member_count];
+                    for( int i = 0; i < member_count; i++)
+                    {
+                        members[i] = new StructMember
+                        (
+                            read_string(),
+                            read_TypeCode(recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap),
+                            null
+                        );
+                    }
+                    result = ((ORBSingleton)orb).create_exception_tc (id, name, members, false);
+
+                    // Store in cache
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
                 }
                 else
                 {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap(recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position );
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
+                }
+
+                closeEncapsulation();
+                break;
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_longlong:       // 23
+            case TCKind._tk_ulonglong:      // 24
+            {
+                result = orb.get_primitive_tc
+                (org.omg.CORBA.TCKind.from_int (kind));
+                break;
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_longdouble:     //25
+            {
+                throw new MARSHAL("Cannot handle TypeCode with kind " + kind);
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_wchar:          // 26
+            {
+                result = orb.get_primitive_tc
+                (org.omg.CORBA.TCKind.from_int (kind));
+                break;
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_wstring:        // 27
+            {
+                result = orb.create_wstring_tc(read_long());
+                break;
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_fixed:          // 28
+            {
+                result = orb.create_fixed_tc(read_ushort(), read_short() );
+                break;
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_value:          // 29
+            {
+                size = openEncapsulation();
+                id = validateID (read_string());
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
+
+                if (cachedObject == null)
+                {
                     name = validateName (read_string());
 
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    recursiveTCMap.put(startPosition, id);
 
                     short type_modifier = read_short();
-                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode concrete_base_type = read_TypeCode( tcMap );
+                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode concrete_base_type = read_TypeCode( recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap);
                     member_count = read_long();
                     ValueMember[] vMembers = new ValueMember[member_count];
 
@@ -1452,93 +1658,79 @@
                             null, // id
                             null, // defined_in
                             null, // version
-                            read_TypeCode (tcMap),
+                            read_TypeCode (recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap),
                             null, // type_def
                             read_short()
                         );
                     }
                     result = orb.create_value_tc
                         (id, name, type_modifier, concrete_base_type, vMembers);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap(recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position );
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put( id , result );
                 closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_value_box:
+            case TCKind._tk_value_box:      // 30
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
-                {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
-                }
-                else
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
                     name = validateName (read_string());
 
-                    tcMap.put( new Integer( start_pos ), id );
+                    recursiveTCMap.put(startPosition, id);
 
-                    content_type = read_TypeCode( tcMap );
+                    content_type = read_TypeCode( recursiveTCMap, repeatedTCMap);
                     result = orb.create_value_box_tc (id, name, content_type);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap(recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position );
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put( startPosition, id );
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-                getRecursiveTCMap().put( id , result );
                 closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
-            case TCKind._tk_abstract_interface:
+            case TCKind._tk_native:         //31
+            {
+                throw new MARSHAL("Cannot handle TypeCode with kind " + kind);
+            }
+            case TCKind._tk_abstract_interface:     // 32
             {
                 size = openEncapsulation();
                 id = validateID (read_string());
-                result = getCachedTypecode( id );
+                cachedObject = getCachedTypecode( id );
 
-                if (result != null)
-                {
-                    // Skip buffer - see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
-                    skip (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
-                }
-                else
+                if (cachedObject == null)
                 {
                     name = validateName (read_string());
+                    recursiveTCMap.put(startPosition, id);
                     result = orb.create_abstract_interface_tc (id, name);
-                    putCachedTypecode( id, result );
+                    putCachedTypecode (id, new Pair( result, startPosition ));
                 }
-                closeEncapsulation();
-                break;
-            }
-            case 0xffffffff:
-            {
-                /* recursive TC */
-                int negative_offset = read_long();
-                String recursiveId =
-                    (String)tcMap.get( new Integer( pos - 4 + negative_offset ) );
-
-                if (recursiveId == null)
-                {
-                    throw new INTERNAL
-                    (
-                        "No recursive TypeCode! (pos: " +
-                        (pos - 4 + negative_offset) +
-                        ")"
-                    );
-                }
-
-                // look up TypeCode in map to check if it's repeated
-                org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode rec_tc =
-                    (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode)( getRecursiveTCMap().get( recursiveId ) );
-
-                if (rec_tc == null)
+                else
                 {
-                    // TypeCode is not in map so it is recursive
-                    rec_tc = orb.create_recursive_tc( recursiveId );
+                    final int skipAmount = calcSkipAmount(size, start_pos);
+                    updateTcMap (recursiveTCMap, start_pos, skipAmount, cachedObject.position);
+                    skip (skipAmount);
+                    recursiveTCMap.put (startPosition, id);
+                    result = cachedObject.typeCode;
                 }
-
-                result = rec_tc;
+                closeEncapsulation();
                 break;
             }
             default:
@@ -1547,9 +1739,64 @@
                 throw new MARSHAL("Cannot handle TypeCode with kind " + kind);
             }
         }
+
+        repeatedTCMap.put(startPosition, result);
         return result;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * see cachedTypecodes for calculation.
+     * @param size
+     * @param start_pos
+     */
+    private int calcSkipAmount(final int size, final int start_pos)
+    {
+        return (size - ((pos - start_pos) - 4 - 4));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <code>updateTcMap</code> is used during cached typecodes. As a cached
+     * typecode is being used we may miss placing markers for the recursive
+     * tcMap. Therefore, by recording the original typecodes start, and as we
+     * know the length it is possible find and calculate and extra positions
+     * that should be added.
+     *
+     * @param tcMap a <code>Map</code> value which may be updated.
+     * @param new_start an <code>int</code> value
+     * @param size an <code>int</code> value
+     * @param old_start an <code>Integer</code> value
+     */
+    private void updateTcMap(final Map tcMap,
+                             final int new_start,
+                             final int size,
+                             final Integer old_start )
+    {
+        final SortedMap sortedMap = ((TreeMap)tcMap).subMap
+            ( old_start, ObjectUtil.newInteger( size + old_start.intValue() ) );
+
+        // If we have found anything between the original start position and the size.
+        if( sortedMap.size() > 0 )
+        {
+            final TreeMap toMerge = new TreeMap();
+            final Iterator iterator = sortedMap.entrySet().iterator();
+
+            while( iterator.hasNext() )
+            {
+                final Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)iterator.next();
+
+                int value = ((Integer)entry.getKey()).intValue();
+                // This calculation is the offset; the distance between the missing
+                // tc and the original start added onto the new start.
+                toMerge.put
+                (
+                    ObjectUtil.newInteger( new_start + (value - old_start.intValue() ) ),
+                    entry.getValue()
+                );
+            }
+            tcMap.putAll( toMerge );
+        }
+    }
+
     public final int read_ulong()
     {
         handle_chunking();
@@ -1574,7 +1821,9 @@
         (final int[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -1607,19 +1856,19 @@
 
         if (littleEndian)
         {
-            return ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) + ((long) _read_long() << 32);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            return ((long) _read_long() << 32) + ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
+            return (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) + ((long) _read_long() << 32);
         }
+
+        return ((long) _read_long() << 32) + (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
     }
 
     public final void read_ulonglong_array
         (final long[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -1634,7 +1883,7 @@
         {
             for (int j = offset; j < offset+length; j++)
             {
-                value[j] = ( (long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) +
+                value[j] = ( _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL) +
                     ((long) _read_long() << 32);
             }
         }
@@ -1643,7 +1892,7 @@
             for (int j = offset; j < offset+length; j++)
             {
                 value[j] = ((long) _read_long() << 32) +
-                    ((long) _read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
+                    (_read_long() & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
             }
         }
 
@@ -1671,7 +1920,9 @@
         (final short[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if (length == 0)
+        {
             return;
+        }
 
         handle_chunking();
 
@@ -1705,10 +1956,8 @@
 
             return read_wchar (wchar_little_endian);
         }
-        else
-        {
-            return read_wchar (littleEndian);
-        }
+
+        return read_wchar (littleEndian);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1723,7 +1972,6 @@
         return buffer[ pos++ ];
     }
 
-
     private final char read_wchar(final boolean wchar_little_endian)
     {
         switch( codeSetW )
@@ -1736,49 +1984,51 @@
                                        " only allows 2 Byte encodings for wchar, but the selected TCSW is UTF-8" );
                 }
 
-                short b = (short) (0xff & buffer[pos++]);
+                short value = (short) (0xff & buffer[pos++]);
                 index++;
 
-                if( (b & 0x80) == 0 )
+                if( (value & 0x80) == 0 )
                 {
-                    return (char) b;
+                    return (char) value;
                 }
-                else if( (b & 0xe0) == 0xc0 )
+                else if( (value & 0xe0) == 0xc0 )
                 {
                     index++;
-                    return (char)(((b & 0x1F) << 6) |
-                                  ((short)buffer[pos++] & 0x3F));
+                    return (char)(((value & 0x1F) << 6) |
+                                  (buffer[pos++] & 0x3F));
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     index += 2;
                     short b2 = (short)(0xff & buffer[pos++]);
-                    return (char)(( ( b & 0x0F) << 12) |
+                    return (char)(( ( value & 0x0F) << 12) |
                                   ( (b2 & 0x3F) << 6) |
-                                  ( (short)buffer[pos++] & 0x3F));
+                                  ( buffer[pos++] & 0x3F));
                 }
             }
             case CodeSet.UTF16 :
             {
-                char c;
+                char value;
 
                 if( wchar_little_endian )
                 {
-                    c = (char) ( (buffer[ pos++ ] & 0xFF) |
+                    value = (char) ( (buffer[ pos++ ] & 0xFF) |
                                  (buffer[ pos++ ] << 8) );
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    c = (char) ( (buffer[ pos++ ] << 8) |
+                    value = (char) ( (buffer[ pos++ ] << 8) |
                                  (buffer[ pos++ ] & 0xFF) );
                 }
 
                 index += 2;
-                return c;
+                return value;
+            }
+            default:
+            {
+                throw new MARSHAL( "Bad CodeSet: " + codeSetW );
             }
         }
-
-        throw new MARSHAL( "Bad CodeSet: " + codeSetW );
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1790,11 +2040,6 @@
      */
     private final boolean readBOM()
     {
-        /*
-          if( !use_BOM )
-          return false;
-        */
-
         if( (buffer[ pos     ] == (byte) 0xFE) &&
             (buffer[ pos + 1 ] == (byte) 0xFF) )
         {
@@ -1829,7 +2074,9 @@
     {
         handle_chunking();
         for(int j=offset; j < offset+length; j++)
+        {
             value[j] = read_wchar(); // inlining later...
+        }
     }
 
     public final String read_wstring()
@@ -1930,7 +2177,9 @@
         throws IOException
     {
         if( pos < 0 )
+        {
             throw new MARSHAL("Mark has not been set!");
+        }
         pos = marked_pos;
         index = marked_index;
     }
@@ -1952,142 +2201,115 @@
      * from this CDRInputStream, and remarshals it to the given OutputStream,
      * <code>out</code>.  Called from Any.
      */
-    final void read_value(final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode tc,
+    final void read_value(final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode typeCode,
                           final org.omg.CORBA.portable.OutputStream out)
     {
-        if (tc == null)
+        if (typeCode == null)
         {
             throw new BAD_PARAM("TypeCode is null");
         }
 
-        int kind = tc.kind().value();
+        int kind = typeCode.kind().value();
 
         try
         {
             switch (kind)
             {
-                case TCKind._tk_null:
-                case TCKind._tk_void:
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_boolean:
-                out.write_boolean( read_boolean());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_char:
-                out.write_char( read_char());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_wchar:
-                out.write_wchar( read_wchar());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_octet:
-                out.write_octet( read_octet());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_ushort:
-                out.write_ushort( read_ushort());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_short:
-                out.write_short( read_short());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_long:
-                out.write_long( read_long());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_ulong:
-                out.write_ulong( read_ulong());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_float:
-                out.write_float( read_float());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_double:
-                out.write_double( read_double());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_longlong:
-                out.write_longlong( read_longlong());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_ulonglong:
-                out.write_ulonglong( read_ulonglong());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_any:
-                out.write_any( read_any());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_TypeCode:
-                out.write_TypeCode( read_TypeCode());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_Principal:
-                throw new NO_IMPLEMENT ("Principal deprecated");
-                case TCKind._tk_objref:
-                out.write_Object( read_Object());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_string:
-                out.write_string( read_string());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_wstring:
-                out.write_wstring( read_wstring());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_fixed:
-                out.write_fixed (read_fixed());
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_array:
+                case TCKind._tk_null:       // 0
+                    // fallthrough
+                case TCKind._tk_void:       // 1
                 {
-                    int length = tc.length();
-                    for( int i = 0; i < length; i++ )
-                        read_value( tc.content_type(), out );
                     break;
                 }
-                case TCKind._tk_sequence:
+                case TCKind._tk_short:      // 2
                 {
-                    int len = read_long();
-                    out.write_long(len);
-                    for( int i = 0; i < len; i++ )
-                        read_value( tc.content_type(), out );
+                    out.write_short( read_short());
                     break;
                 }
-                case TCKind._tk_except:
-                out.write_string( read_string());
-                // don't break, fall through to ...
-                case TCKind._tk_struct:
+                case TCKind._tk_long:       // 3
                 {
-                    for( int i = 0; i < tc.member_count(); i++)
-                        read_value( tc.member_type(i), out );
+                    out.write_long( read_long());
                     break;
                 }
-                case TCKind._tk_enum:
-                out.write_long( read_long() );
-                break;
-                case TCKind._tk_alias:
+                case TCKind._tk_ushort:     // 4
                 {
-                    read_value( tc.content_type(), out  );
+                    out.write_ushort( read_ushort());
                     break;
                 }
-                case TCKind._tk_value_box:
+                case TCKind._tk_ulong:      // 5
                 {
-                    String id = tc.id();
-                    org.omg.CORBA.portable.BoxedValueHelper helper =
-                        ((org.jacorb.orb.ORB)orb).getBoxedValueHelper(id);
-                    if (helper == null)
+                    out.write_ulong( read_ulong());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_float:      // 6
+                {
+                    out.write_float( read_float());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_double:     // 7
+                {
+                    out.write_double( read_double());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_boolean:    // 8
+                {
+                    out.write_boolean( read_boolean());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_char:       // 9
+                {
+                    out.write_char( read_char());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_octet:      // 10
+                {
+                    out.write_octet( read_octet());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_any:        // 11
+                {
+                    out.write_any( read_any());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_TypeCode:   // 12
+                {
+                    out.write_TypeCode( read_TypeCode());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_Principal:  // 13
+                {
+                    throw new NO_IMPLEMENT ("Principal deprecated");
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_objref:     // 14
+                {
+                    out.write_Object( read_Object());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_struct:     // 15
+                {
+                    for( int i = 0; i < typeCode.member_count(); i++)
                     {
-                        throw new MARSHAL ("No BoxedValueHelper for id " + id);
+                        read_value( typeCode.member_type(i), out );
                     }
-                    java.io.Serializable value = read_value(helper);
-                    ((org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.OutputStream)out)
-                    .write_value(value, helper);
                     break;
                 }
-                case TCKind._tk_union:
+                case TCKind._tk_union:      // 16
                 {
-                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode disc = tc.discriminator_type();
+                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode disc = typeCode.discriminator_type();
                     disc = TypeCode.originalType(disc);
-                    int def_idx = tc.default_index();
+                    int def_idx = typeCode.default_index();
                     int member_idx = -1;
                     switch( disc.kind().value() )
                     {
-                        case TCKind._tk_short:
+                        case TCKind._tk_short:  // 2
                         {
                             short s = read_short();
                             out.write_short(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
                                 if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_short())
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_short())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2097,15 +2319,15 @@
                             break;
                         }
 
-                        case TCKind._tk_long:
+                        case TCKind._tk_long:   // 3
                         {
                             int s = read_long();
                             out.write_long(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
                                 if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_long())
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_long())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2114,15 +2336,15 @@
                             }
                             break;
                         }
-                        case TCKind._tk_ushort:
+                        case TCKind._tk_ushort: // 4
                         {
                             short s = read_ushort();
                             out.write_ushort(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
                                 if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_ushort())
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_ushort())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2132,15 +2354,15 @@
                             break;
                         }
 
-                        case TCKind._tk_ulong:
+                        case TCKind._tk_ulong:  // 5
                         {
                             int s = read_ulong();
                             out.write_ulong(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
                                 if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_ulong())
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_ulong())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2149,15 +2371,22 @@
                             }
                             break;
                         }
-                        case TCKind._tk_longlong:
+                        case TCKind._tk_float:      // 6
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_double:     // 7
                         {
-                            long s = read_longlong();
-                            out.write_longlong(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            throw new MARSHAL(
+                                "Invalid union discriminator type: " + disc);
+                        }
+                        case TCKind._tk_boolean:    // 8
+                        {
+                            boolean b = read_boolean();
+                            out.write_boolean( b );
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
-                                if(i != def_idx)
+                                if( i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_longlong())
+                                    if( b == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_boolean() )
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2166,15 +2395,15 @@
                             }
                             break;
                         }
-                        case TCKind._tk_ulonglong:
+                        case TCKind._tk_char:   // 9
                         {
-                            long s = read_ulonglong();
-                            out.write_ulonglong(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            char s = read_char();
+                            out.write_char(s);
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
                                 if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_ulonglong())
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_char())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2183,15 +2412,34 @@
                             }
                             break;
                         }
-                        case TCKind._tk_char:
+                        case TCKind._tk_octet:      // 10
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_any:        // 11
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_TypeCode:   // 12
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_Principal:  // 13
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_objref:     // 14
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_struct:     // 15
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_union:      // 16
                         {
-                            char s = read_char();
-                            out.write_char(s);
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            throw new MARSHAL(
+                                "Invalid union discriminator type: " + disc);
+                        }
+                        case TCKind._tk_enum:       // 17
+                        {
+                            int s = read_long();
+                            out.write_long(s);
+                            for( int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
-                                if(i != def_idx)
+                                if( i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if(s == tc.member_label(i).extract_char())
+                                    int label =
+                                    typeCode.member_label(i).create_input_stream().read_long();
+                                    if(s == label)
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2200,15 +2448,28 @@
                             }
                             break;
                         }
-                        case TCKind._tk_boolean:
+                        case TCKind._tk_string:     // 18
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_sequence:   // 19
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_array:      // 20
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_alias:      // 21
+                            // fallthrough
+                        case TCKind._tk_except:     // 22
                         {
-                            boolean b = read_boolean();
-                            out.write_boolean( b );
-                            for(int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            throw new MARSHAL(
+                                "Invalid union discriminator type: " + disc);
+                        }
+                        case TCKind._tk_longlong:  // 23
+                        {
+                            long s = read_longlong();
+                            out.write_longlong(s);
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
-                                if( i != def_idx)
+                                if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    if( b == tc.member_label(i).extract_boolean() )
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_longlong())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2217,17 +2478,15 @@
                             }
                             break;
                         }
-                        case TCKind._tk_enum:
+                        case TCKind._tk_ulonglong:  // 24
                         {
-                            int s = read_long();
-                            out.write_long(s);
-                            for( int i = 0 ; i < tc.member_count() ; i++)
+                            long s = read_ulonglong();
+                            out.write_ulonglong(s);
+                            for(int i = 0 ; i < typeCode.member_count() ; i++)
                             {
-                                if( i != def_idx)
+                                if(i != def_idx)
                                 {
-                                    int label =
-                                    tc.member_label(i).create_input_stream().read_long();
-                                    if(s == label)
+                                    if(s == typeCode.member_label(i).extract_ulonglong())
                                     {
                                         member_idx = i;
                                         break;
@@ -2237,35 +2496,119 @@
                             break;
                         }
                         default:
-                        throw new MARSHAL("Invalid union discriminator type: " + disc);
+                        {
+                            throw new MARSHAL("Invalid union discriminator type: " + disc);
+                        }
                     } // switch
 
                     if( member_idx != -1 )
                     {
-                        read_value( tc.member_type( member_idx ), out );
+                        read_value( typeCode.member_type( member_idx ), out );
                     }
                     else if( def_idx != -1 )
                     {
-                        read_value( tc.member_type( def_idx ), out );
+                        read_value( typeCode.member_type( def_idx ), out );
                     }
                     break;
                 }
-                case 0xffffffff:
+                case TCKind._tk_enum:       // 17
                 {
-                    org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode _tc =
-                        (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode)(getRecursiveTCMap().get ( tc.id() ));
-
+                    out.write_long( read_long() );
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_string:     // 18
+                {
+                    out.write_string( read_string());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_sequence:   // 19
+                {
+                    int len = read_long();
+                    out.write_long(len);
+                    for( int i = 0; i < len; i++ )
+                    {
+                        read_value( typeCode.content_type(), out );
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_array:      // 20
+                {
+                    int length = typeCode.length();
+                    for( int i = 0; i < length; i++ )
+                    {
+                        read_value( typeCode.content_type(), out );
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_alias:      // 21
+                {
+                    read_value( typeCode.content_type(), out  );
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_except:     // 22
+                {
+                    out.write_string( read_string());
 
-                    if( _tc == null )
+                    for( int i = 0; i < typeCode.member_count(); i++)
                     {
-                        throw new MARSHAL("No recursive TC found for " + tc.id());
+                        read_value( typeCode.member_type(i), out );
                     }
 
-                    read_value( _tc , out );
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_longlong:   // 23
+                {
+                    out.write_longlong( read_longlong());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_ulonglong:  // 24
+                {
+                    out.write_ulonglong( read_ulonglong());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_longdouble: // 25
+                {
+                    throw new org.omg.CORBA.BAD_TYPECODE(
+                        "type longdouble not supported in java");
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_wchar:      // 26
+                {
+                    out.write_wchar( read_wchar());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_wstring:    // 27
+                {
+                    out.write_wstring( read_wstring());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_fixed:      // 28
+                {
+                    out.write_fixed (read_fixed());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_value:      // 29
+                {
+                    Serializable val = read_value();
+                    ((org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.OutputStream)out).write_value(val, typeCode.id());
+                    break;
+                }
+                case TCKind._tk_value_box:  // 30
+                {
+                    String id = typeCode.id();
+                    org.omg.CORBA.portable.BoxedValueHelper helper =
+                        ((org.jacorb.orb.ORB)orb).getBoxedValueHelper(id);
+                    if (helper == null)
+                    {
+                        throw new MARSHAL ("No BoxedValueHelper for id " + id);
+                    }
+                    java.io.Serializable value = read_value(helper);
+                    ((org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.OutputStream)out).write_value(value, helper);
                     break;
                 }
                 default:
-                throw new MARSHAL("Cannot handle TypeCode with kind " + kind);
+                {
+                    throw new MARSHAL("Cannot handle TypeCode with kind " + kind);
+                }
             }
         }
         catch (BadKind ex)
@@ -2280,7 +2623,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-
     public java.io.Serializable read_value()
     {
         int tag = read_long();
@@ -2304,7 +2646,9 @@
         tag = tag & 0xfffffff6;
 
         if (tag == 0x7fffff00)
+        {
             throw new MARSHAL ("missing value type information");
+        }
         else if (tag == 0x7fffff02)
         {
             return read_typed_value(start_offset, codebase);
@@ -2314,20 +2658,21 @@
             return read_multi_typed_value( start_offset, codebase );
         }
         else
+        {
             throw new MARSHAL("unknown value tag: 0x" +
                               Integer.toHexString(theTag) + " (offset=0x" +
                               Integer.toHexString(start_offset) + ")");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Overrides read_value(java.io.Serializable value) in
      * org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.InputStream
      */
-
     public java.io.Serializable read_value(final String rep_id)
     {
         int tag = read_long();
-        int start_offset = pos - 4;
+        final int start_offset = pos - 4;
 
         if (tag == 0xffffffff)
         {
@@ -2340,7 +2685,7 @@
             return null;
         }
 
-        String codebase = ((tag & 1) != 0) ? read_codebase() : null;
+        final String codebase = ((tag & 1) != 0) ? read_codebase() : null;
         chunkedValue = ((tag & 8) != 0);
 
         int theTag = tag;
@@ -2380,7 +2725,6 @@
      * Overrides read_value(value) in
      * org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.InputStream
      */
-
     public java.io.Serializable read_value(java.io.Serializable value)
     {
         if (value instanceof org.omg.CORBA.portable.Streamable)
@@ -2430,8 +2774,8 @@
 
         if (tag == 0x7fffff00)
         {
-            return read_untyped_value ( new String[]{ ValueHandler.getRMIRepositoryID(clz) },
-                                        start_offset, codebase);
+            return read_untyped_value (new String[]{ValueHandler.getRMIRepositoryID(clz)},
+                                                    start_offset, codebase);
         }
         else if (tag == 0x7fffff02)
         {
@@ -2444,8 +2788,10 @@
         else
         {
             throw new MARSHAL("unknown value tag: 0x" +
-                              Integer.toHexString(theTag) + " (offset=0x" +
-                              Integer.toHexString(start_offset) + ")");
+                              Integer.toHexString(theTag) +
+                              " (offset=0x" +
+                              Integer.toHexString(start_offset) +
+                              ")");
         }
     }
 
@@ -2453,8 +2799,6 @@
      * Overrides read_value(factory) in
      * org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.InputStream
      */
-
-
     public java.io.Serializable read_value
         (final org.omg.CORBA.portable.BoxedValueHelper factory)
     {
@@ -2484,7 +2828,7 @@
 
             if( result != null )
             {
-                getValueMap().put (new Integer(start_offset), result);
+                getValueMap().put(ObjectUtil.newInteger(start_offset), result);
             }
 
             return result;
@@ -2498,9 +2842,11 @@
             return read_typed_value(start_offset, codebase);
         }
         else
+        {
             throw new MARSHAL("unknown value tag: 0x" +
                               Integer.toHexString(theTag) + " (offset=0x" +
                               Integer.toHexString(start_offset) + ")");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2510,71 +2856,52 @@
      * `index'.
      */
     private java.io.Serializable read_untyped_value(final String[] repository_ids,
-                                                     final int index,
-                                                     final String codebase)
+                                                    final int index,
+                                                    final String codebase)
     {
         java.io.Serializable result = null;
 
         if (chunkedValue || valueNestingLevel > 0)
         {
             valueNestingLevel++;
-            int chunk_size_tag = readChunkSizeTag();
-            chunk_end_pos = pos + chunk_size_tag;
+            readChunkSizeTag();
         }
 
-        for (int r = 0; r < repository_ids.length; r++)
+        for (int i = 0; i < repository_ids.length; i++)
         {
-            if (repository_ids[r].equals("IDL:omg.org/CORBA/WStringValue:1.0"))
+            if (repository_ids[i].equals("IDL:omg.org/CORBA/WStringValue:1.0"))
             {
                 // special handling of strings, according to spec
                 result = read_wstring();
                 break;
             }
-            else if (repository_ids[r].startsWith("RMI:javax.rmi.CORBA.ClassDesc:"))
+            else if (repository_ids[i].startsWith("RMI:javax.rmi.CORBA.ClassDesc:"))
             {
                 // special handling of java.lang.Class instances
-                String classCodebase = (String)read_value(String.class);
-                String reposId = (String)read_value(String.class);
-                String className =
+                final String classCodebase = (String)read_value(String.class);
+                final String reposId = (String)read_value(String.class);
+                final String className =
                     org.jacorb.ir.RepositoryID.className(reposId, null);
-                ClassLoader ctxcl =
-                    Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
 
                 try
                 {
-                    if (ctxcl != null)
-                    {
-                        try
-                        {
-                            result = ctxcl.loadClass(className);
-                        }
-                        catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe)
-                        {
-                            result = ValueHandler.loadClass(className,
-                                                            classCodebase,
-                                                            null);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        result = ValueHandler.loadClass(className,
-                                                        classCodebase,
-                                                        null);
-                    }
+                    result = loadClass(className, classCodebase);
                 }
                 catch (ClassNotFoundException e)
                 {
-                    if( r < repository_ids.length-1 )
+                    if( i < repository_ids.length-1 )
+                    {
                         continue;
-                    else
-                        throw new MARSHAL("class not found: " + className);
+                    }
+
+                    throw new MARSHAL("class not found: " + className);
                 }
                 break;
             }
-            else if (repository_ids[r].startsWith ("IDL:"))
+            else if (repository_ids[i].startsWith ("IDL:"))
             {
                 org.omg.CORBA.portable.ValueFactory factory =
-                    ((org.omg.CORBA_2_3.ORB)orb()).lookup_value_factory (repository_ids[r]);
+                    ((org.omg.CORBA_2_3.ORB)orb()).lookup_value_factory (repository_ids[i]);
 
                 if (factory != null)
                 {
@@ -2582,78 +2909,49 @@
                     result = factory.read_value (this);
                     break;
                 }
-                else
+
+                if( i < repository_ids.length-1 )
                 {
-                    if( r < repository_ids.length-1 )
-                        continue;
-                    else
-                        throw new MARSHAL ("No factory found for: " + repository_ids[0] );
+                    continue;
                 }
+
+                throw new MARSHAL ("No factory found for: " + repository_ids[0] );
             }
             else // RMI
             {
-                // Load the value's class, using the context class loader
-                // of the current thread if possible.  Here's Francisco
-                // Reverbel's <reverbel@ime.usp.br> explanation of why
-                // this is needed in JBoss:
-
-                // "It seems that ValueHandler.loadClass() uses the thread
-                // context classloader only after it looks for other
-                // classloaders in the call stack (weird). In some
-                // situations (when EJBs are undeployed and then
-                // redeployed) it finds in the call stack a classloader
-                // used for an undeployed EJB. A value of class Foo is
-                // then unmarshalled with type
-                // classloaderOfEJB1:Foo, when the expected type is
-                // classloaderOfEJB2:Foo. I am getting ClassCastExceptions is this
-                // situation.
-                // Explicitly using the thread context class loader in the
-                // first place solves the problem."
-
-                String className =
-                org.jacorb.ir.RepositoryID.className(repository_ids[r], null);
-
-                Class c = null;
-                //#ifjdk 1.2
-                ClassLoader ctxcl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
-                //#else
-                //# ClassLoader ctxcl = null;
-                //#endif
+                final String className =
+                    org.jacorb.ir.RepositoryID.className(repository_ids[i], null);
+
                 try
                 {
-                    if (ctxcl != null)
-                    {
-                        try
-                        {
-                            c = ctxcl.loadClass(className);
-                        }
-                        catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe)
-                        {
-                            c = ValueHandler.loadClass(className, codebase, null);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        c = ValueHandler.loadClass(className, codebase, null);
-                    }
+                    final Class clazz = loadClass(className, codebase);
 
-                    if (IDLEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(c))
+                    if (IDLEntity.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz))
                     {
                         java.lang.reflect.Method readMethod = null;
-                        if (c != org.omg.CORBA.Any.class)
+                        if (clazz != org.omg.CORBA.Any.class)
                         {
-                            String helperClassName = c.getName() + "Helper";
+                            String helperClassName = clazz.getName() + "Helper";
 
                             try
                             {
-                                Class helperClass =
-                                c.getClassLoader().loadClass(
-                                    helperClassName);
+                                final ClassLoader classLoader = clazz.getClassLoader();
+                                final Class helperClass;
+                                if (classLoader == null)
+                                {
+                                    helperClass = ObjectUtil.classForName(helperClassName);
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    helperClass =
+                                        classLoader.loadClass(helperClassName);
+                                }
+
                                 Class[] paramTypes = {
                                     org.omg.CORBA.portable.InputStream.class
                                 };
                                 readMethod =
-                                helperClass.getMethod("read", paramTypes);
+                                    helperClass.getMethod("read", paramTypes);
                             }
                             catch (ClassNotFoundException e)
                             {
@@ -2692,52 +2990,100 @@
                         }
                     }
                     else
-                        result = ValueHandler.readValue(this, index, c,
-                                                        repository_ids[r],
+                    {
+                        result = ValueHandler.readValue(this, index, clazz,
+                                                        repository_ids[i],
                                                         null);
+                    }
                 }
                 catch (ClassNotFoundException e)
                 {
-                    if( r < repository_ids.length-1 )
+                    if( i < repository_ids.length-1 )
+                    {
                         continue;
-                    else
-                        throw new MARSHAL ("class not found: " + className);
-                }
+                    }
 
+                    throw new MARSHAL ("class not found: " + className);
+                }
             }
         }
 
         // value type instances may be null...
         if( result != null )
         {
-            getValueMap().put (new Integer (index), result);
+            getValueMap().put(ObjectUtil.newInteger(index), result);
         }
 
         return result;
     }
 
+    /** Load the value's class, using the context class loader
+     *  of the current thread if possible.  Here's Francisco
+     *  Reverbel's <reverbel@ime.usp.br> explanation of why
+     *  this is needed in JBoss:
+     *
+     *  "It seems that ValueHandler.loadClass() uses the thread
+     *  context classloader only after it looks for other
+     *  classloaders in the call stack (weird). In some
+     *  situations (when EJBs are undeployed and then
+     *  redeployed) it finds in the call stack a classloader
+     *  used for an undeployed EJB. A value of class Foo is
+     *  then unmarshalled with type
+     *  classloaderOfEJB1:Foo, when the expected type is
+     *  classloaderOfEJB2:Foo. I am getting ClassCastExceptions is this
+     *  situation.
+     *  Explicitly using the thread context class loader in the
+     *  first place solves the problem."
+     */
+    private Class loadClass(String className, final String codebase) throws ClassNotFoundException
+    {
+        Class clazz;
+        //#ifjdk 1.2
+        ClassLoader clazzLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+        //#else
+        //# ClassLoader ctxcl = null;
+        //#endif
+
+        if (clazzLoader == null)
+        {
+            clazz = ValueHandler.loadClass(className, codebase, null);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                clazz = clazzLoader.loadClass(className);
+            }
+            catch (ClassNotFoundException e)
+            {
+                clazz = ValueHandler.loadClass(className, codebase, null);
+            }
+        }
+        return clazz;
+    }
+
     /**
      * try to read in the chunk size.
      * special handling if there's no chunk size
      * in the stream.
      */
-    private int readChunkSizeTag()
+    private void readChunkSizeTag()
     {
         int savedPos = pos;
         int savedIndex = index;
         int chunk_size_tag = read_long();
 
-        if (!sunInteropFix || chunk_size_tag > 0 && chunk_size_tag < max_block_size)
+        if (!sunInteropFix || chunk_size_tag > 0 && chunk_size_tag < MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
         {
-            // looks like the correct chunk size
-            return chunk_size_tag;
+            // valid chunk size: set the ending position of the chunk 
+        	chunk_end_pos = pos + chunk_size_tag;
         }
-        else
+        else 
         {
-            // reset buffer
-            pos = savedPos;
-            index = savedIndex;
-            return max_block_size;
+        	// reset buffer and remember that we're not within a chunk
+        	pos = savedPos;
+        	index = savedIndex;
+        	chunk_end_pos = -1;
         }
     }
 
@@ -2746,7 +3092,6 @@
      * by a single RepositoryID.  It is assumed that the tag and the codebase
      * of the value have already been read.
      */
-
     private java.io.Serializable read_typed_value( final int index,
                                                    final String codebase)
     {
@@ -2758,7 +3103,6 @@
      * by an array of RepositoryIDs.  It is assumed that the tag and the codebase
      * of the value have already been read.
      */
-
     private java.io.Serializable read_multi_typed_value( final int index,
                                                          final String codebase)
     {
@@ -2766,7 +3110,9 @@
         String[] ids = new String[ id_count ];
 
         for( int i = 0; i < id_count; i++ )
+        {
             ids[i] = read_repository_id();
+        }
 
         return read_untyped_value (ids, index, codebase);
     }
@@ -2785,23 +3131,22 @@
             int index = read_long();
             index = index + pos - 4;
 
-            String repId = (String)getRepIdMap().get (new Integer(index));
+            String repId = (String)getRepIdMap().get(ObjectUtil.newInteger(index));
             if (repId == null)
+            {
                 throw new MARSHAL("stale RepositoryID indirection");
-            else
-                return repId;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // a new id
-            pos -= 4;
-            index -= 4;
-            int start_offset = pos;
-            String repId = read_string();
-
-            getRepIdMap().put (new Integer(start_offset), repId);
+            }
             return repId;
         }
+
+        // a new id
+        pos -= 4;
+        index -= 4;
+        int start_offset = pos;
+        String repId = read_string();
+
+        getRepIdMap().put(ObjectUtil.newInteger(start_offset), repId);
+        return repId;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2817,23 +3162,22 @@
             // indirection
             int index = read_long();
             index = index + pos - 4;
-            String codebase = (String)getCodebaseMap().get (new Integer(index));
+            String codebase = (String)getCodebaseMap().get(ObjectUtil.newInteger(index));
             if (codebase == null)
+            {
                 throw
                 new MARSHAL("stale codebase indirection");
-            else
-                return codebase;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // a new codebase string
-            pos -= 4;
-            index -= 4;
-            int start_offset = pos;
-            String codebase = read_string();
-            getCodebaseMap().put (new Integer(start_offset), codebase);
+            }
+
             return codebase;
         }
+        // a new codebase string
+        pos -= 4;
+        index -= 4;
+        int start_offset = pos;
+        String codebase = read_string();
+        getCodebaseMap().put (ObjectUtil.newInteger(start_offset), codebase);
+        return codebase;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2845,9 +3189,10 @@
         // indirection
         int index = read_long();
         index = index + pos - 4;
-        java.lang.Object value = getValueMap().get (new Integer(index));
-        if (value == null) {
+        java.lang.Object value = getValueMap().get (ObjectUtil.newInteger(index));
 
+        if (value == null)
+        {
             // Java to IDL Language Mapping, v1.1, page 1-44:
             //
             // "The ValueHandler object may receive an IndirectionException
@@ -2864,11 +3209,11 @@
 
             throw new org.omg.CORBA.portable.IndirectionException (index);
         }
-        else
-            return (java.io.Serializable)value;
+
+        return (java.io.Serializable)value;
     }
 
-    private String validateName (String name)
+    private String validateName(String name)
     {
         if (name != null && name.length() == 0)
         {
@@ -2877,16 +3222,15 @@
         return name;
     }
 
-    private String validateID (String id)
+    private String validateID(String id)
     {
         if (id == null || id.length() == 0)
         {
-            id = "IDL:";
+            return "IDL:";
         }
         return id;
     }
 
-
     /**
      * Reads an abstract interface from this stream. The abstract interface
      * Reads an abstract interface from this stream. The abstract interface
@@ -2894,7 +3238,6 @@
      * union contains a CORBA object reference, or false if the union contains
      * a value.
      */
-
     public java.lang.Object read_abstract_interface()
     {
         return read_boolean() ? (java.lang.Object)read_Object()
@@ -2907,14 +3250,12 @@
      * union contains a CORBA object reference, or false if the union contains
      * a value.
      */
-
-    public java.lang.Object read_abstract_interface(final java.lang.Class clz)
+    public java.lang.Object read_abstract_interface(final java.lang.Class clazz)
     {
-        return read_boolean() ? (java.lang.Object)read_Object(clz)
-        : (java.lang.Object)read_value(clz);
+        return read_boolean() ? (java.lang.Object)read_Object(clazz)
+        : (java.lang.Object)read_value(clazz);
     }
 
-
     public int get_pos()
     {
         return pos;
@@ -2926,9 +3267,46 @@
      * store an object into the map before actually reading its state.
      * This is essential for unmarshalling recursive values.
      */
-
     public void register_value(final java.io.Serializable value)
     {
-        getValueMap().put(new Integer(currentValueIndex), value);
+        getValueMap().put(ObjectUtil.newInteger(currentValueIndex), value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <code>Pair</code> is merely a private storage class used by
+     * {@link #cachedTypecodes}.
+     */
+    private static final class Pair
+    {
+        /**
+         * <code>first</code> is the typecode we are caching.
+         */
+        public final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode typeCode;
+        /**
+         * <code>second</code> is the location the original typecode was found.
+         */
+        public final Integer position;
+
+        /**
+         * Create a new <code>Pair</code>.
+         *
+         * @param typeCode an <code>org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode</code> value
+         * @param position an <code>Integer</code> value
+         */
+        public Pair( org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode typeCode, Integer position )
+        {
+            this.typeCode = typeCode;
+            this.position = position;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * <code>toString</code> used for debugging ONLY.
+         *
+         * @return a <code>String</code> value
+         */
+        public String toString()
+        {
+            return (typeCode + " and " + position );
+        }
     }
 }
Index: src/org/jacorb/orb/CDROutputStream.java
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/jacorb/JacORB/src/org/jacorb/orb/CDROutputStream.java,v
retrieving revision 1.106
diff -u -r1.106 CDROutputStream.java
--- src/org/jacorb/orb/CDROutputStream.java	17 May 2006 13:14:37 -0000	1.106
+++ src/org/jacorb/orb/CDROutputStream.java	5 May 2007 00:36:08 -0000
@@ -21,20 +21,23 @@
  */
 
 import java.io.*;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.util.*;
 
 import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.*;
 
 import org.jacorb.ir.RepositoryID;
 import org.jacorb.orb.giop.CodeSet;
+import org.jacorb.orb.giop.GIOPConnection;
 import org.jacorb.util.ValueHandler;
 import org.jacorb.util.ObjectUtil;
 
 import org.omg.CORBA.BAD_PARAM;
 import org.omg.CORBA.CODESET_INCOMPATIBLE;
+import org.omg.CORBA.DATA_CONVERSION;
+import org.omg.CORBA.INTERNAL;
 import org.omg.CORBA.MARSHAL;
 import org.omg.CORBA.NO_IMPLEMENT;
-import org.omg.CORBA.INTERNAL;
 import org.omg.CORBA.TCKind;
 import org.omg.CORBA.TypeCodePackage.BadKind;
 import org.omg.CORBA.TypeCodePackage.Bounds;
@@ -44,7 +47,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @author Gerald Brose,  1999
- * @version $Id: CDROutputStream.java,v 1.106 2006/05/17 13:14:37 alphonse.bendt Exp $
+ * @version $Id: CDROutputStream.java,v 1.123 2007/04/26 23:07:26 francisco Exp $
  *
  * A stream for CDR marshalling.
  *
@@ -83,13 +86,6 @@
      */
     private Stack encaps_stack;
 
-    /**
-     * <code>recursiveTCMap</code> is used to remember the original TCs for a
-     * given ID that is used in a recursive/repeated TC. Do NOT access this
-     * variable directly. It is initialised on demand. Use the method
-     * {@link #getRecursiveTCMap() getRecursiveTCMap()}
-     */
-    private Map recursiveTCMap;
 
     /**
      * <code>valueMap</code> is used to maps all value objects that have
@@ -124,6 +120,18 @@
      */
     private Map cachedTypecodes;
 
+    /**
+     * This Map is basically a one-entry map pool to be used in
+     * write_TypeCode() as the repeatedTCMap.
+     */
+    private Map repeatedTCMap;
+
+    /**
+     * This Map is basically a one-entry map pool to be used in
+     * write_TypeCode() as the recursiveTCMap.
+     */
+    private Map recursiveTCMap;
+
     /** Remembers the starting position of the current chunk. */
     private int chunk_size_tag_pos = -1;   // -1 means we're not within a chunk
     private int chunk_size_tag_index;
@@ -138,7 +146,7 @@
     /** True if write_value_internal called writeReplace */
     private boolean writeReplaceCalled = false;
 
-    private List deferredArrayQueue = new ArrayList();
+    private final List deferredArrayQueue = new ArrayList();
 
     private org.omg.CORBA.ORB orb = null;
 
@@ -148,6 +156,11 @@
         to be bitwise or'ed into value tags. */
     private int chunkingFlag = 0;
 
+    /**
+     * <code>codesetEnabled</code> denotes whether codeset marshalling is enabled.
+     */
+    private boolean codesetEnabled;
+
     /** configurable properties */
     private boolean useBOM = false;
     private boolean chunkCustomRmiValuetypes = false;
@@ -164,8 +177,10 @@
      */
 
     public void configure(Configuration configuration)
-        throws ConfigurationException
     {
+       codesetEnabled  =
+            configuration.getAttribute("jacorb.codeset","on").equals("on");
+
         useBOM =
             configuration.getAttribute("jacorb.use_bom","off").equals("on");
 
@@ -176,6 +191,7 @@
 
         useIndirection =
            !( configuration.getAttribute("jacorb.interop.indirection_encoding_disable","off").equals("on"));
+
     }
 
     private static class DeferredWriteFrame
@@ -188,6 +204,8 @@
         public DeferredWriteFrame( int write_pos, int start,
                                    int length, byte[] buf )
         {
+            super();
+
             this.write_pos = write_pos;
             this.start = start;
             this.length = length;
@@ -205,6 +223,7 @@
 
     public CDROutputStream()
     {
+        super();
         bufMgr = BufferManager.getInstance(); // the BufferManager will be configured by now!
         buffer = bufMgr.getPreferredMemoryBuffer();
     }
@@ -220,14 +239,7 @@
         if (orb != null )
         {
             this.orb = orb;
-            try
-            {
-                configure(((org.jacorb.orb.ORB)orb).getConfiguration());
-            }
-            catch( ConfigurationException ce )
-            {
-                throw new INTERNAL("ConfigurationException: " + ce);
-            }
+            configure(((org.jacorb.orb.ORB)orb).getConfiguration());
         }
     }
 
@@ -240,6 +252,8 @@
 
     public CDROutputStream(final byte[] buf)
     {
+        super();
+
         bufMgr = BufferManager.getInstance();
         buffer = buf;
     }
@@ -271,21 +285,6 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Gets the Map that is used to store recursive TypeCodes.
-     *
-     * @return a <code>Map</code> value
-     */
-    private Map getRecursiveTCMap()
-    {
-        if (recursiveTCMap == null)
-        {
-            recursiveTCMap = new HashMap();
-        }
-        return recursiveTCMap;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
      * Gets the Map that is used to detect reference sharing when
      * marshaling valuetype instances.
      *
@@ -295,7 +294,7 @@
     {
         if (valueMap == null)
         {
-            valueMap = ObjectUtil.createIdentityHashMap();
+            valueMap = new IdentityHashMap();
         }
         return valueMap;
     }
@@ -352,7 +351,7 @@
 
         DeferredWriteFrame next_frame = null;
 
-        if( deferredArrayQueue != null && deferredArrayQueue.size() > 0 )
+        if(deferredArrayQueue.size() > 0 )
         {
             // find the first frame that falls within the current window,
             // i.e. that need s to be written
@@ -376,7 +375,6 @@
 
         while( write_idx < start + length )
         {
-
             if( next_frame != null && write_idx == next_frame.write_pos )
             {
                 if ( ! (next_frame.length <= start + length - write_idx))
@@ -394,8 +392,7 @@
                 next_frame = null;
 
                 // and look up the next frame
-                if( deferredArrayQueue != null &&
-                    list_idx < deferredArrayQueue.size() )
+                if(list_idx < deferredArrayQueue.size() )
                 {
                     next_frame = (DeferredWriteFrame)deferredArrayQueue.get( list_idx++ );
                     if( next_frame.write_pos > start + length )
@@ -454,10 +451,7 @@
 
         buffer = null;
         closed = true;
-        if (deferredArrayQueue != null)
-        {
-            deferredArrayQueue.clear();
-        }
+        deferredArrayQueue.clear();
         deferred_writes = 0;
     }
 
@@ -508,11 +502,9 @@
 
     private final void check(final int i)
     {
-        byte [] new_buf;
-
         if (buffer == null || (pos + i + 2) > buffer.length)
         {
-            new_buf = bufMgr.getBuffer( pos+i+2, true);
+            final byte[] new_buf = bufMgr.getBuffer( pos+i+2, true);
 
             if (buffer != null)
             {
@@ -522,7 +514,6 @@
             bufMgr.returnBuffer (buffer, true);
 
             buffer = new_buf;
-            new_buf = null;
         }
     }
 
@@ -573,7 +564,7 @@
 
         // set up new indirection maps for this encapsulation
 
-        valueMap = ObjectUtil.createIdentityHashMap();
+        valueMap = new IdentityHashMap();
         repIdMap = new HashMap();
         codebaseMap = new HashMap();
 
@@ -609,7 +600,10 @@
     public final void endEncapsulation()
     {
         if( encaps_start == -1 )
+        {
             throw new MARSHAL("Too many end-of-encapsulations");
+        }
+
         if( encaps_stack == null )
         {
             throw new MARSHAL("Internal Error - closeEncapsulation failed");
@@ -638,16 +632,16 @@
 
     public byte[] getBufferCopy()
     {
-        ByteArrayOutputStream bos =
-            new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        final ByteArrayOutputStream bos =
+            new ByteArrayOutputStream(size());
 
         try
         {
             write( bos, 0, size());
         }
-        catch( IOException io )
+        catch( IOException e )
         {
-            //            Debug.output(1, io );
+            throw new INTERNAL("should not happen: " + e.toString());
         }
 
         return bos.toByteArray();
@@ -665,10 +659,7 @@
 
     public void reset()
     {
-        if (deferredArrayQueue != null)
-        {
-            deferredArrayQueue.clear();
-        }
+        deferredArrayQueue.clear();
         pos = 0;
         deferred_writes = 0;
         index = 0;
@@ -745,12 +736,10 @@
             }
             return new CDRInputStream(orb(), baos.toByteArray());
         }
-        else
-        {
-            byte[] result = new byte[index + 1];
-            System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, result, 0, result.length);
-            return new CDRInputStream(orb, result);
-        }
+
+        byte[] result = new byte[index + 1];
+        System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, result, 0, result.length);
+        return new CDRInputStream(orb, result);
     }
 
     public final void write_any(final org.omg.CORBA.Any value)
@@ -764,9 +753,13 @@
         check(1);
 
         if( value )
+        {
             buffer[pos++] = 1;
+        }
         else
+        {
             buffer[pos++] = 0;
+        }
         index++;
     }
 
@@ -781,9 +774,13 @@
             for( int i = offset; i < offset+length; i++ )
             {
                 if( value[i] )
+                {
                     buffer[pos++] = 1;
+                }
                 else
+                {
                     buffer[pos++] = 0;
+                }
             }
             index += length;
         }
@@ -791,83 +788,114 @@
 
 
     /**
-     * Writes char according to specified encoding.
+     * <code>write_char</code> writes a character to the output stream. If
+     * codeset translation is active then it will use String and an encoding to
+     * get the bytes. It can then do a test for whether to throw DATA_CONVERSION.
+     *
+     * @param c a <code>char</code> value
      */
-    public final void write_char(final char c)
+    public final void write_char (final char c)
     {
-        check( 1 );
-
-        int too_large_mask =
-            (codeSet == CodeSet.ISO8859_1)?
-        0xFF00 : //ISO8859-1
-        0xFF80; //UTF-8
-
-        if( (c & too_large_mask) != 0 )//Are there any 1s in the MSB?
-        {
-            throw new org.omg.CORBA.DATA_CONVERSION(
-                "char (" + c +
-                ") out of range for " +
-                CodeSet.csName( codeSet) );
+        // According to 15.3.1.6 of CORBA 3.0 'a single instance of the char type
+        // may only hold one octet of any multi-byte character encoding.'
+        // Therefore we ensure that we are in the single byte range i.e.
+        // less than 0xFF or \377.
+        if (c > '\377')
+        {
+            throw new DATA_CONVERSION ("Char " + c + " out of range");
         }
 
+        check( 1 );
+        buffer[pos++] = (byte)c;
         index++;
-        buffer[ pos++ ] = (byte) c;
     }
 
+
     public final void write_char_array
        (final char[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if( value == null )
-            throw new MARSHAL( "Null References" );
+        {
+            throw new MARSHAL("Cannot marshall null array.");
+        }
+        else if ( offset + length > value.length || length < 0 || offset < 0 )
+        {
+            throw new MARSHAL
+                ("Cannot marshall as indices for array are out bounds.");
+        }
 
-        //no alignment necessary
         check( length );
 
-        int too_large_mask =
-            (codeSet == CodeSet.ISO8859_1)?
-        0xFF00 : //ISO8859-1
-        0xFF80; //UTF-8
-
-
-        for( int i = offset; i < offset+length; i++)
+        for (int i=offset; i < length+offset; i++)
         {
-            if( (value[i] & too_large_mask) != 0 )
+            if (value[i] > '\377')
             {
-                throw new MARSHAL("char (" + value[i] +
-                                  ") out of range for " +
-                                  CodeSet.csName( codeSet ));
+                throw new DATA_CONVERSION ("Char " + value[i] + " out of range");
             }
-
-            buffer[ pos++ ] = (byte) value[i];
+            buffer[pos++] = (byte)value[i];
         }
-
-        index += length;
+        index+=length;
     }
 
+
+    /**
+     * <code>write_string</code> writes a string to the output stream. It is
+     * optimised for whether it is writing a blank string or for whether codeset
+     * translation is active.
+     *
+     * @param s a <code>String</code> value
+     */
     public final void write_string(final String s)
     {
+        // size leaves room for ulong, plus the string itself (one or more
+        // bytes per char in the string, depending on the codeset), plus the
+        // terminating NUL char
+        int size;
+        // sizePosition is the position in the buffer for the size to be
+        // written.
+        int sizePosition;
+
         if( s == null )
         {
-            throw new MARSHAL("Null References");
+            throw new MARSHAL("Cannot marshall null string.");
         }
 
-        // size indicator ulong + length in chars( i.e. bytes for type char)
-        // incl. terminating NUL char
-        int size = 4 + s.length() + 1;
-        check( size, 4 );
+        if (codesetEnabled)
+        {
+            // in the worst case (UTF-8) a string char might take up to 3 bytes
+            size = 4 + 3 * s.length() + 1;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // just one byte per string char
+            size = 4 + s.length() + 1;
+        }
+        check(size, 4);
+        sizePosition = pos;
 
-        int sizepos = pos;
         pos += 4;
         index += 4;
 
-        char ch;
         for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++)
-            write_char_i(s.charAt(i),false,false, codeSet);
+        {
+            if (codesetEnabled)
+            {
+                write_char_i(s.charAt(i),false,false, codeSet);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                buffer[pos++] = (byte)s.charAt(i);
+                index++;
+            }
+        }
 
         buffer[ pos++ ] = (byte) 0; //terminating NUL char
         index ++;
-        size = pos - (sizepos + 4); // compute translated size
-        _write4int( buffer,sizepos,size);
+
+        // Now write the size back in.
+        size = pos - (sizePosition + 4); // compute translated size
+
+        _write4int( buffer, sizePosition, size);
     }
 
     public final void write_wchar(final char c)
@@ -898,10 +926,11 @@
                     if( giop_minor == 2 && write_length_indicator )
                     {
                         //the chars length in bytes
-                        write_octet( (byte) 1 );
+                        buffer[pos++] = (byte) 1;
+                        index++;
                     }
 
-                    buffer[ pos++ ] = (byte) c;
+                    buffer[pos++] = (byte) c;
                     index++;
                 }
                 else if( c > 0x07FF )
@@ -909,7 +938,8 @@
                     if( giop_minor == 2 && write_length_indicator )
                     {
                         //the chars length in bytes
-                        write_octet( (byte) 3 );
+                        buffer[pos++] = (byte) 3;
+                        index++;
                     }
 
                     buffer[pos++]=(byte)(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
@@ -923,7 +953,8 @@
                     if( giop_minor == 2 && write_length_indicator )
                     {
                         //the chars length in bytes
-                        write_octet( (byte) 2 );
+                        buffer[pos++] = (byte) 2 ;
+                        index++;
                     }
 
                     buffer[pos++]=(byte)(0xC0 | ((c >>  6) & 0x1F));
@@ -940,7 +971,8 @@
                     if( write_length_indicator )
                     {
                         //the chars length in bytes
-                        write_octet( (byte) 2 );
+                        buffer[pos++] = (byte) 2;
+                        index++;
                     }
 
                     if( write_bom )
@@ -976,12 +1008,16 @@
        (final char[] value, final int offset, final int length)
     {
         if( value == null )
+        {
             throw new MARSHAL("Null References");
+        }
 
         check( length * 3 );
 
         for( int i = offset; i < offset+length; i++)
+        {
             write_wchar( value[i] );
+        }
     }
 
     public final void write_wstring(final String s)
@@ -1083,13 +1119,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    public final void write_fixed(BigDecimal value, short digits, short scale)
+    {
+        write_fixed(value);
+    }
+
     public final void write_fixed(final java.math.BigDecimal value)
     {
-        //#ifjdk 1.2
         String v = value.unscaledValue().toString();
-        //#else
-        //# String v = value.movePointRight(value.scale()).toString();
-        //#endif
         byte [] representation;
         int b, c;
 
@@ -1133,7 +1170,6 @@
         System.arraycopy(representation,0,buffer,pos,representation.length);
         index += representation.length;
         pos += representation.length;
-
     }
 
     public final void write_float(final float value)
@@ -1257,7 +1293,6 @@
 
     public void write_Object(final org.omg.CORBA.Object value)
     {
-
         if( value == null )
         {
             IORHelper.write(this, null_ior );
@@ -1265,10 +1300,15 @@
         else
         {
             if( value instanceof org.omg.CORBA.LocalObject )
+            {
                 throw new MARSHAL("Attempt to serialize a locality-constrained object.");
+            }
             org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl obj =
                 (org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl)value;
-            IORHelper.write(this, ((Delegate)obj._get_delegate()).getIOR()  );
+
+            IOR intermediary = ((Delegate)obj._get_delegate()).getIOR();
+
+            IORHelper.write(this, intermediary);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1362,332 +1402,557 @@
         }
     }
 
-    public final void write_TypeCode (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode value)
+    public final void write_TypeCode (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode typeCode)
     {
-        String   id                   = null;
-        org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode cached = null;
-
-        try
-        {
-            // Get the id for this typecode.
-            id = value.id();
-        }
-        // Masking on purpose as only determining whether to cache here.
-        catch (BadKind e)
-        {
-        }
-
-        if (compactTypeCodes > 0 && id != null)
+        if (compactTypeCodes > 0)
         {
-            if (cachedTypecodes == null)
+            final String id;
+            try
             {
-                cachedTypecodes = new HashMap();
+                switch (typeCode.kind().value())
+                {
+                    case TCKind._tk_objref:   //14
+                    case TCKind._tk_struct:   //15
+                    case TCKind._tk_union:    //16
+                    case TCKind._tk_enum:     //17
+                    {
+                        id = typeCode.id();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case TCKind._tk_string:   //18
+                    case TCKind._tk_sequence: //19
+                    case TCKind._tk_array:    //20
+                    {
+                        id = null;
+                        break; //dummy cases for optimized switch
+                    }
+                    case TCKind._tk_alias:    //21
+                    case TCKind._tk_except:   //22
+                    {
+                        id = typeCode.id();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case TCKind._tk_longlong:  // 23
+                    case TCKind._tk_ulonglong: // 24
+                    case TCKind._tk_longdouble:// 25
+                    case TCKind._tk_wchar:     // 26
+                    case TCKind._tk_wstring:   // 27
+                    case TCKind._tk_fixed:     // 28
+                    {
+                        id = null;
+                        break; //dummy cases for optimized switch
+                    }
+                    case TCKind._tk_value:     // 29
+                    case TCKind._tk_value_box: // 30
+                    {
+                        id = typeCode.id();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case TCKind._tk_native:    // 31
+                    {
+                        id = null;
+                        break; //dummy cases for optimized switch
+                    }
+                    case TCKind._tk_abstract_interface: //32
+                    case TCKind._tk_local_interface:    //33
+                    {
+                        id = typeCode.id();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default:
+                    {
+                        id = null;
+                        break; //TC has no id
+                    }
+                }
             }
-            else
+            catch(org.omg.CORBA.TypeCodePackage.BadKind e)
             {
-                // We may previously have already compacted and cached this
-                // typecode.
-                cached = (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode)cachedTypecodes.get (id);
+                throw new INTERNAL("should never happen");
             }
 
-            // If we don't have a cached value get the compact form and
-            // cache it.
-            if (cached == null)
-            {
-                value = value.get_compact_typecode();
-                cachedTypecodes.put (id, value);
-            }
-            else
+            if (id != null)
             {
-                value = cached;
+                final org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode cached;
+
+                if (cachedTypecodes == null)
+                {
+                    cachedTypecodes = new HashMap();
+                    cached = null;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    // We may previously have already compacted and cached this
+                    // typecode.
+                    cached = (org.omg.CORBA.TypeCode)cachedTypecodes.get(id);
+                }
+
+                // If we don't have a cached value get the compact form and
+                // cache it.
+                if (cached == null)
+                {
+                    typeCode = typeCode.get_compact_typecode();
+                    cachedTypecodes.put(id, typeCode);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    typeCode = cached;
+                }
             }
         }
-        write_TypeCode (value, null);
+
+        if (repeatedTCMap == null)
+        {
+            repeatedTCMap = new HashMap();
+        }
+
+        if (recursiveTCMap == null)
+        {
+            recursiveTCMap = new HashMap();
+        }